Author: admin

In a Air Flow Monitoring in Nuclear Power Plant

efficient HVAC systems supply & exhaust airflow rate plays an important
role in monitoring the release of air from controlled areas and contain any
radioactivity that might be released in the event of a malfunction, failure, or
accident.

The high sensitive thermal mass flow meter is an
ideal choice & detects leakages from the duct.

HVAC system is of utmost importance considering
safety & smooth operations by maintaining ambient conditions within
acceptable limits.

In addition, these systems help protect staff
and equipment from specific risks inside the buildings, such as explosions or
fire.

Pros and Cons of different gas flow measurement technologies available in the market which will help process instrumentation engineers to effectively choose best flow metering technology for defined application which results in optimum results w.r.t cost versus performance ratio.

Process instrumentation engineer’s task is to identify which of the Mass flow meter technology will be best suitable technology.

Below are some important factors to be considered & evaluated with comparing technologies for  ptimum selections:

• Pipe sizes
• Process conditions such as flowrate, pressure, temperature, density, viscosity, dirt & moisture etc.
• Installation conditions such as horizontal, vertical or inclined & available straight lengths, time & efforts etc.
• Accuracy & repeatability needed
• Process turndown ratio needed
• Budgeted price

Here are the advantages and disadvantages of Coriolis Flow Meter.

Pros :

1. Direct Mass Flow Measurement
2. Suitable to Liquid and Gases
3. Highest accuracy
4. Highest turn down ratio
5. Suitable for high pressure

Cons :

1. High-pressure drop
2. Sensitive to vibrations
3. Not suitable for high temperature
4. High initial cost

The pace of the liquid stream establishes a significant estimation in the handling enterprises.

Choosing a fitting innovation for a stream estimation application can subsequently be an overwhelming assignment. With such a wide assortment of innovations on offer, it very well may be hard to track down the best one for a specific application. Les Slocombe, for ABB Measurement Products UK, clarifies how finding the flowmeter that can make the greatest commitment to limiting energy expenses can assist with restricting the choice.

The broad decision of stream innovation choices on proposition can make choosing the right flowmeter for an application a stupefying assignment. A wide scope of variables can impact air flow meter choice, of which cost is only one. Flowmeters dependent on differential strain opening plates, spouts, wedges, Venturis, and Pitot tubes present a limitation in the stream. The unrecoverable strain misfortune brought about by the limitation is a proportion of the volumetric stream rate. Positive removal flowmeters are valid volumetric stream gadgets, estimating the real liquid volume that goes through a meter body with no worry for speed. These flowmeters catch a particular volume of liquid and pass it to the power source. The liquid tension moves the system that exhausts one chamber as another fills.
In case the application requires a proportion of the mass stream rate, volumetric flowmeters should be enhanced with extra data, like liquid thickness, pressure, as well as temperature. Some multivariable flowmeters and transmitters fuse an extra sensor to give this data. Then again, Coriolis flowmeters (and warm tests for gas) straightforwardly measure mass stream rate. With a current portion of the overall industry of around 18%, they are consistently tracking down their direction into an expanding scope of utilizations. Many flowmeter technologies introduce pressure loss into a system. Pressure losses equate to energy losses and costs. Valves, pipe friction, reducers, expanders, and measuring devices such as flowmeters all increase the Permanent Pressure Loss (PPL) in the system. Some flowmeters require upstream reducers and downstream expanders to operate properly. For new processes, engineers often consider PPL when designing a system because it’s important in sizing the pump (liquids), compressor (gases), or boiler (steam) to meet process conditions and to deliver the desired pressure and/or flow. For operating processes, PPL leads directly to the need for compensating energy, which can equate to significantly increased annual operating costs. By minimizing pressure losses in a process, engineers can cut the need for top-up pumping or compression as well as environmental impact. In the case of steam boilers, which are expensive, the ability to retrofit existing flowmeters with those having low-pressure losses can boost the effective boiler capacity.

By selecting air flow meters with low-pressure losses, engineers can:

– Reduce pumping/compressing cost
– Increase capacity
– Minimize compressor, pump, or boiler size. The amount of pressure loss in a flowmeter depends on three factors: the fluid density, the square of the fluid velocity (Vf)2, and the degree of obstruction to fluid flow, (Kmeter).

The following list roughly ranks the magnitude of the Kmeter factor for various air flow meters, from greatest pressure loss to lowest.

1. Coriolis
2. Orifice/Nozzle
3. Turbine
4. Vortex
5. Venturi
6. Averaging Pitot tube
7. Electromagnetic/Ultrasonic (negligible PPL)

Replacing an orifice plate with an averaging Pitot tube, for example, can reduce the permanent pressure loss (energy requirement) by a factor of 20. Averaging Pitot tubes offer minimal irrecoverable pressure losses as well as being inexpensive and simple to install.

Pros and Cons of different gas flow measurement technologies available in the market which will
help process instrumentation engineers to effectively choose the best flow metering technology for defined application which results in optimum results w.r.t cost versus performance ratio.

Process instrumentation engineer’s task is to identify which of the Mass flow meter technology will be the best suitable technology.

Below are some important factors to be considered & evaluated with comparing technologies for optimum selections:

– Pipe sizes
– Process conditions such as flow rate, pressure, temperature, density, viscosity, dirt & moisture, etc.
– Installation conditions such as horizontal, vertical or inclined & available straight lengths, time & efforts etc.
– Accuracy & repeatability needed
– Process turndown ratio needed
– Budgeted price

Here are the pros and Cons of Thermal Mass Flow Meter – Insertion Type

Pros:
1. No moving parts
2. Independent mass flow
3. Pipe size
4. Highest turndown ratio
5. Virtually no pressure drop
6. Better accuracy
7. Easy installation & rugged

Cons:
1. Affected by high moisture content
2. Vulnerable to damage
3. Not suitable for high temperature
4. Flow straightener for short upstream length

Pros and Cons of different gas flow measurement technologies available in the market which will help process instrumentation engineers to effectively choose best flow metering technology for defined application which results in optimum results w.r.t cost versus performance ratio.

 

Process instrumentation engineer’s task is to identify which of the Mass flow meter technology will be best suitable technology.

 

Below are some important factors to be considered & evaluated with comparing technologies for optimum selections:

 

– Pipe sizes

– Process conditions such as flowrate, pressure, temperature, density, viscosity, dirt & moisture etc.

– Installation conditions such as horizontal, vertical or inclined & available straight lengths, time & efforts etc.

– Accuracy & repeatability needed

– Process turndown ratio needed

– Budgeted price

 

Here are the Pros and Cons of a Turbine Flow Meter :

 

Pros :

1. Derives Volumetric Flow rate

2. High accuracy

3. Orientation Flexible

4. Low Initial Cost

5. Suitable High pressure

 

Cons :

1. Dry and Clean Gas

2. Susceptible to Vibrations

3. High wear factor

 

Pros and Cons of different gas flow measurement technologies available in the market will help process instrumentation engineers to effectively choose best flow metering technology for defined application which results in optimum results w.r.t cost versus performance ratio.

Process instrumentation engineer’s task is to identify which of the Mass flow meter technology will be best suitable technology.

Below are some important factors to be considered & evaluated with comparing technologies for optimum selections:

– Pipe sizes
– Process conditions such as flow rate, pressure, temperature, density, viscosity, dirt & moisture, etc.
– Installation conditions such as horizontal, vertical, or inclined & available straight lengths, time & efforts, etc.
– Accuracy & repeatability needed
– Process turn down ratio needed
– Budgeted price

Here are the Pros and Cons of Ultrasonic Flow Meter- Clamp-on Type

Pros :
1. Non-contact type volumetric flow meter
2. Suitable 5o any pipe sizes
3. Suitable to high pressure
4. High turn down ratio

Cons :
1. May be not Suitable for moist and dirty gases
2. High initial cost
3. Most Suitable for pipes with inner lining

Pros and Cons of different gas flow measurement technologies available in the market which will help process instrumentation engineers to effectively choose best flow metering technology for defined application which results in optimum results w.r.t cost versus performance ratio.

Process instrumentation engineer’s task is to identify which of the Mass flow meter technology will be best suitable technology.

Below are some important factors to be considered & evaluated with comparing technologies for optimum selections:

– Pipe sizes
– Process conditions such as flowrate, pressure, temperature, density, viscosity, dirt & moisture etc.
– Installation conditions such as horizontal, vertical or inclined & available straight lengths, time & efforts etc.
– Accuracy & repeatability needed
– Process turndown ratio needed
– Budgeted price

Here are the Pros and Cons of Vortex Flow Meter

Pros :
1. Suitable for liquid, gases and steam applications
2. Better accuracy and repeatability
3. Low initial cost
4. Suitable upto 40 bar

Cons :
1. Creates high pressure drop
2. Susceptible to turbulent and vibration
3. Accuracy gets affected due to viscosity